Abstract: The high-temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pump is a charging device that can achieve contactless excitation and provide stable current compensation for superconducting magnets without ...
Abstract: This paper presents the development of a Arduino based Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) temperature control system using an Arduino UNO, R-type thermocouple, and solid-state relay (SSR ...
"Windup" occurs when the integral term grows indefinitely while the actuator is saturated (at max limit). Standard PID calculates d(Error)/dt. This library calculates ...