While codons (combinations of three nucleotides) may vary in which do what functions, a long-standing rule was that each codon serves one specific purpose. New evidence, however suggests that ...

This is a summary of: Liu. H. et al. Viral RNA blocks circularization to evade host codon usage control. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09809-y (2025).

Living organisms synthesize a staggering variety of proteins by combining 20 amino acids into chains of any length and order. In the past, to expand protein diversity beyond the scope of these 20 ...

Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus and causes regurgitation or heartburn, which feels like a burning sensation in your chest or throat. If this happens regularly, you ...

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase aminoacylates the cognate transfer RNA (tRNA) with the cognate amino acid, which will be incorporated into the nascent polypeptide chain on the ribosome. In addition to the ...

Jillian Kubala, MS, is a registered dietitian based in Westhampton, NY. Jillian uses a unique and personalized approach to help her clients achieve optimal wellness through nutrition and lifestyle ...