Far-infrared spectroscopy probes the cold and dust-enshrouded regions of the Universe by measuring electromagnetic radiation in the 30–300 μm band. This regime encompasses the principal cooling lines ...
Absorption line spectroscopy is a cornerstone technique for probing the gas content, chemical enrichment and kinematics of galaxies in the early universe. By analysing the dark imprints left by ...
Raman spectroscopy uses scattered light to identify a substance's chemical ingredients and is one of the most widely used scientific methods in space exploration. It is used for lunar exploration to ...