One of the most basic tools for tinkering with electronics is a multimeter. Today, even a cheap meter has capabilities that would have been either very expensive or unobtainable back in the 1970s.

Test is a dirty business. It can contaminate a unit or wafer, or the test hardware, which in turn can cause problems in the field. While this has not gone unnoticed, particularly as costs rise due to ...

The huge number of ICs used in today’s electronic products is difficult to comprehend, and each one has to be tested. Traditionally, testing starts at the wafer level to determine gross defects. By ...